an essential structural component of living cells and source of energy for animals; includes simple sugars with small molecules as well as macromolecular substances; are classified according to the number of monosaccharide groups they contain

an amino derivative of glucose that is a component of many polysaccharides

a polysaccharide produced in basophils (especially in the lung and liver) and that inhibits the activity of thrombin in coagulation of the blood; it (trade names Lipo-Hepin and Liquaemin) is used as an anticoagulant in the treatment of thrombosis and in heart surgery

a tough semitransparent horny substance; the principal component of the exoskeletons of arthropods and the cell walls of certain fungi

a polysaccharide that is the chief constituent of all plant tissues and fibers

one form in which body fuel is stored; stored primarily in the liver and broken down into glucose when needed by the body

used to manufacture fructose and in assessing kidney function

an amino derivative of glucose that is a component of many polysaccharides